India's demographic shift from control to encouraging births

The data shows that the total fertility rate in India has dropped to 1.9 children per woman, falling below the replacement threshold of 2.1 and reaching its lowest level in decades. This decline is attributed to factors such as higher education levels among women, increased access to contraception, rising costs of raising children, and improvements in healthcare, which have led to a decrease in infant mortality. This demographic shift threatens early aging and the labor market, while also raising policy concerns about shrinking parliamentary seats and demographic changes that could influence the country's political and religious distribution.

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