China accelerates nuclear buildup despite Xi's calls

China has significantly expanded its nuclear arsenal under President Xi Jinping, with satellite imagery revealing new and enlarged facilities across the countryside, including testing sites and infrastructure like a town built around a nuclear facility. Despite Xi’s publicly stated non-proliferation efforts, China’s nuclear warheads have more than doubled since 2012, reaching 620 at the start of last year, and could reach 1,500 by 2035. The country possesses advanced testing capabilities, including warhead durability tests and nuclear blast studies, with an estimated $12.4 billion spent on nuclear forces in 2024.

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