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New Canadian guidelines have shown that simple and varied methods can be used to reduce pain and fear in children and adults during vaccinations. For infants up to one year old, breastfeeding, bottle-feeding, pacifiers, and sugary solutions are effective in minimizing discomfort. After the age of one, the use of numbing creams, music, toys, and interactive tools such as virtual reality and cold packs are recommended. It is also advised to administer injections quickly and to give less painful vaccines first. Additionally, taking painkillers beforehand has been found not to effectively reduce pain or impact the immune response to vaccines.
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