Zawiya and Zarda: From Myth to Society

The article discusses the role of the zawiya and the Zarda in Tunisian society, emphasizing that their significance goes beyond religious rituals to serve as important social institutions. Historically, they played a role similar to that of the state in providing security, education, healthcare, conflict resolution, and organizing communal life. Today, the zawiya is considered essential in confronting rising anxiety, social violence, and the declining influence of official institutions—especially in the face of increasing sectarianism, tribal and regional affiliations, and the breakdown of social bonds due to reliance on virtual presence via social media. The article points out that, despite negative portrayals by elites and the state as superstitious and backward, the zawiya continues to fulfill its social function peacefully. It calls on the state to further support and leverage these institutions to help reduce potential future social conflicts.

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