Ethiopia details Nile River Pact

The Cooperative Framework Agreement for the Nile River, which recently came into effect, represents a historic step toward unifying the management of Nile waters. It is based on recognizing the legal rights of all Nile Basin countries and ensuring equitable distribution and sustainable use of the water resources. The agreement aims to establish a joint committee for the protection and management of the Nile, reducing disparities in water usage among the countries. This comes at a time when concerns are mounting over Ethiopia's construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, built on the Blue Nile. The dam has sparked disputes between Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan—especially since Egypt depends on the Nile for up to 90% of its water and fears a reduction in its share, while Ethiopia seeks to develop its economy through the dam, which costs $5 billion and ultimately generates around 5,150 megawatts. The agreement aspires to safeguard the rights of all parties and ensure the sustainability of Nile resources, although disagreements remain over the filling and operation of the dam and its impact on the water quotas of the involved countries.

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