Arctic freezes strengthen China-Russia ties

After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, energy and transportation trade along the Northern Sea Route in the Arctic became central to international shipping. China's activities in the region grew to bolster its presence as a strategic rival and to circumvent sanctions. Western concerns increased over China's and Russia's use of these routes to enhance their military and economic influence. Chinese shipping projects, such as the container service between China and Europe via the Arctic route, contribute to China's expanding influence. However, shipping traffic remains seasonal and moderate, mostly focused on Russian oil and gas, amid rising environmental risks and geopolitical challenges.

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