Houthis' Rise from Saada to Red Sea

The Houthi movement (Ansar Allah) has ascended to power and influence in Yemen after long-standing conflicts that began in the early 2000s, when they emerged as defenders of the Zaydi minority in northern Yemen. They participated in wars against the Yemeni government before taking control of Sana'a in 2014, in cooperation with Ali Abdullah Saleh. Iran's support for the movement has significantly increased since 2013, involving the transfer of military expertise and technology, despite Tehran denying direct arms supplies. Control of the Bab el-Mandeb Strait has further strengthened their strategic position as the region's major player. The Houthis possess advanced military capabilities, including drones and long-range missiles, thanks to Iranian backing. This grants them strong leverage against Saudi Arabia and enhances their bargaining power, especially after the recent ceasefire, which has allowed them to expand their capabilities and diversify their supply routes from China and Russia.

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