Overview of the Second Federal Republic
The article analyzes the Iranian system through the concept of "Wilayat Republic," explaining how power in Iran has become managed secretly and centrally. It shows that the Revolutionary Guards Corps controls decision-making and monopolizes political functions and authority by tightening its grip on civil institutions and the state. The article points out that the transition from the first Wilayat Republic, established during Khomeini’s era, to the second, characterized by the strengthening of military and security institutions, has reduced the political role of the president and civil institutions. This shift has transformed governance into a more militarized and rigid system, marked by a lack of transparency and genuine power-sharing, with increasing control over the country from within security and military agencies. The article concludes that this new phase threatens long-term stability for society and the state, consolidating the rule of an exclusive elite and reaffirming that any dictatorship based on monopolized power inevitably leads to collapse.
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