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The U.S. nuclear test “Ivy Mike” destroyed Elugelab Island in the Marshall Islands on November 1, 1952, in a 10.4-megaton explosion—about 700 times the force of the Hiroshima bomb. It left a crater 1.9 kilometers in diameter and nearly 50 meters deep. It was the first full-scale test of a hydrogen bomb using the Teller–Ulam design. The explosion’s cloud rose to about 120,000 feet and spread horizontally as far as 60 miles. After the detonation, U.S. aircraft entered the cloud to collect samples. Captain Jimmy Priestley Robinson’s plane crashed and sank; neither he nor the wreckage was ever found. The test is considered a pivotal moment in the history of nuclear weapons, demonstrating the power of hydrogen bombs and the dangers of studying their effects.
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