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فيتو
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Habib Bourguiba was born on August 3, 1903, in Monastir, Tunisia. He was the first President of the Tunisian Republic and a leader of the liberation war against French colonization. He studied law and political science in Paris and was influenced by French Enlightenment thought. In 1934, he founded the Neo Destour Party to demand full independence for Tunisia. He led negotiations with France that resulted in Tunisia's independence on March 20, 1956, and declared the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the republic on July 25, 1957. During his rule, he focused on building a modern state by developing education, healthcare, and reforming religious thought. He pursued a pro-Western foreign policy. In 1975, he amended the constitution to allow for lifelong presidency but was ousted from power in 1987 due to health reasons. He lived in Monastir until his death in 2000 at the age of 96. His political legacy and reforms remain a subject of extensive debate in Tunisia and the Arab world.
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