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Nobel Prize in Medicine 2026 Winners
Scientists Karl Daesroth, Peter Hegmann, and George Nagel were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for 2026 for their discoveries related to light-sensitive ion channels and optogenetics. Peter Hegmann, 72 years old, successfully identified a light-sensitive protein in green algae that converts light into electrical signals. He collaborated with George Nagel, aged 73, to implant this protein into frog cells, leading to the discovery of an ion channel that opens in response to light, which they named "Chanelrhodopsin." Meanwhile, Karl Daesroth, 55, inserted this protein into mammalian brain cells, demonstrating that these cells respond to light with a precision reaching thousandths of a second. The optogenetics technique allows neuroscientists to establish causal relationships in the brain by activating or inhibiting specific neurons with light. These discoveries represent a significant advancement in understanding brain functions and neural interactions.
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