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Two international studies involving 3,821 patients at 65 centers across five continents found that acute kidney injury occurred in 38.1% of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Hypovolemia was the most common pattern, with severity and patterns varying geographically. A higher risk of 28-day mortality was associated with older age, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, a higher MELD-Na score, lower health coverage, and living in a non-high-income country, while higher albumin levels were associated with a lower risk. In the second study, use of nonselective beta-blockers at the time of acute kidney injury diagnosis was associated with a greater likelihood of recovery and lower 28-day mortality. Continuing treatment during hospitalization was not associated with a statistically significant worsening of outcomes.
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