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A U.S. study covering records for about 11 million infants warned that a decline in documented receipt of the preventive vitamin K shot coincided with a more than fourfold increase in diagnoses of vitamin K deficiency between 2017 and 2025. The proportion of infants receiving the shot fell from 97.7% to 95%, while cases of deficiency-related bleeding rose from 24 to 107.4 per 100,000 infants. Vitamin K helps blood clot, and severe deficiency can cause bleeding in the brain, permanent brain damage, or death. The researchers therefore called for a better understanding of why parents refuse the shot and for greater awareness that it is a preventive medicine, not a vaccine. However, the study does not prove that the decline in uptake directly caused the rise in bleeding, and the records may be incomplete or inaccurate.
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