Gulf Tensions Over Mecca Deal
Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan signed a joint defense agreement in Mecca, stating that any armed attack against one of the three countries constitutes an attack on all of them, along with strengthening security and military cooperation among them. Despite some initial welcoming remarks, Emirati academic Abdul Khaliq Abdullah expressed opposition, arguing that the priority should be to enhance Gulf Cooperation and unify the Gulf states, doubting the nature of the agreement and its understanding of the threats—especially as it seemingly weakens the Gulf defensive system, which has declined following Iranian threats. In response, Saudi Prince Abdul Rahman bin Mossaad emphasized that the agreement is a sovereign matter that does not conflict with Gulf cooperation, noting positive relations with Turkey and Pakistan, and highlighting the importance of the agreement in deterring attacks. The signing of the agreement is considered a culmination of previous defense cooperation between Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, with reports suggesting that Turkey was expected to join later. This would formalize a tripartite alliance aimed at boosting regional security, at a time when Gulf cooperation faces marginalization and decline. There are concerns that the new agreement might weaken Gulf security unity.
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