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The article discusses the role of major powers and the geopolitical shifts that occurred after the two world wars and their impact on the distribution of influence in the Middle East and the wider world. It explains how the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the subsequent division of the region led to the drawing of new borders and the formation of alliances, which solidified Britain's and France's influence in the area, and resulted in the establishment of systems such as Sykes-Picot and the Baghdad Pact. It also points out that current transformations—alongside China's rise, Russia's resurgence, and the decline of American influence—are paving the way for a multipolar international order. This shift is reshaping the power balance in the Middle East and raises questions about Arab participation in this emerging global landscape.
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