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الوطن
Socrates' Debate as Intellectual Legend
The article critically examines the figure of Socrates and his philosophical views, clarifying that Socrates did not author any writings himself. He is portrayed as a legendary figure transmitted through Plato's dialogues, which depict Socrates as an avant-garde thinker seeking to deconstruct inherited assumptions through dialectical dialogue. The article describes how Socrates' life ended with his execution by poisoning, presented here as a symbol of reason and enlightenment. It also notes that his true enemies may have been, in fact, a rational and enlightened minority, despite propaganda depicting them as dark-minded. Additionally, the article explains that for Socrates, dialectical debate was a form of self-purification aimed at freeing the soul from the illusions of the material world and opening the way to recall the luminous realm of the multitudes—a concept linked to spiritual purification and innate knowledge. The article draws a parallel between Socratic thought and Cartesian philosophy, illustrating how doubt for Descartes is also a mental purification process to eliminate sensory deception, ultimately seeking absolute knowledge. Overall, the article emphasizes that the figure of Socrates, as mythologized, symbolizes reason and enlightenment, reminding us that his dialogues are deeply philosophical and introspective, aimed at purifying the soul and reaching ultimate truth.
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