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Saudi alliances influence global power dynamics
In 2026, Saudi Arabia strengthened its security and defense alliance network across multiple frameworks and fronts, aiming to diversify its political and security tools and achieve a balance of power in the region. The Kingdom signed a mutual defense agreement with Turkey and Pakistan in Mecca, which includes deterrence against armed attacks and resembles the principle of Article 5 of NATO, with a General Secretariat of the alliance based in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, it launched a multilateral naval alliance initiative to protect shipping routes in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, supported by over 40 countries, with the goal of securing maritime trade and energy supplies. Saudi Arabia is also seeking to enhance its relations with Europe, especially France, through strategic partnerships in the fields of economy, security, and technology. This reflects an effort to diversify cooperation avenues and demonstrates that the Kingdom is building an international network of relationships to expand its influence and safeguard its interests in a rapidly changing world.
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