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عكس السير
Five nations without armed forces
The article discusses five countries that have chosen to abandon their own armies and instead rely on international security arrangements or defense agreements. Iceland, despite not having a standing army since 1869, depends on a defense agreement with the United States and holds strategic importance due to its location atop a vital waterway. The Solomon Islands, after gaining independence in 1978, rely on the United Kingdom and the United States for protection, despite having experienced fierce battles during World War II. Mauritius, which has not established an army since its independence in 1968, relies on a partnership with India to ensure its security and is moving toward investments in other sectors like tourism and services. Panama depends on a neutrality treaty with the United States to safeguard the Panama Canal, having dissolved its army in 1994 following a coup attempt. Costa Rica, which abolished its army in 1949, has directed its resources toward achievements in health and education, and it relies on treaties to ensure its security, maintaining good relations with its neighbors Nicaragua and Panama. These countries exemplify alternative approaches to relying on national military capabilities, with their security protected through specific international arrangements.
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