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The European Union has called on member states to strengthen their winter preparedness and take measures to reduce gas and electricity consumption due to rising energy prices and concerns over supply shortages. EU Energy Commissioner, Kadri Simson, pointed out that the Union is facing a crisis in energy prices resulting from supply disruptions, especially amid escalating regional tensions. The EU’s dependence on Russian gas has decreased from 45% in 2021 to 12% in 2025, with a simultaneous increase in reliance on liquefied natural gas (LNG), whose share has risen from 20% to 45%. This increase in dependence on LNG is associated with greater price volatility. European industry, particularly heavy sectors such as chemicals and metals, faces challenges due to high energy costs, which reach approximately twice and a half the levels in the United States for electricity and five times higher for gas.
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