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The article reviews how salt intake affects blood pressure, explaining that consuming excess salt raises blood pressure due to fluid retention in the body. It clarifies that individuals' responses to sodium consumption vary genetically, with about one-third of healthy people and 60% of hypertension patients being salt-sensitive. This sensitivity leads to higher blood pressure when salt intake increases. The article also highlights that genetic variations associated with salt sensitivity influence how the body responds, and the findings from these studies help guide more precise treatments—potentially allowing the choice of specific medications based on a person's genes. Additionally, blood tests could be used to determine the safe amount of salt for each individual. Research is also heading toward implementing the concept of "precision medicine" to treat hypertension based on genetic background.
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