Comparative Analysis of Lebanese Prelim Investigations

The article discusses the amendment of Article 47 of the Lebanese Code of Criminal Procedure in 2020, which aimed to improve procedural guarantees during initial investigations. Despite these adjustments, the text reveals weaknesses in its alignment with international standards when compared to systems in France, Belgium, Canada, and the United States, where individual rights are better protected and the powers of authorities are more restricted. The article criticizes the fragile presence of legal counsel, the lack of clear standards for waiving rights, the absence of defined consequences for violations, and the weak technical infrastructure of investigators. It is also considered that the text oscillates between structural and symbolic reform. Questions are raised about the state's readiness to transition from an authoritarian system to a rights-ensuring one, as the current article does not provide a high level of adequate protection. This reflects the need for comprehensive reform that aligns with international human rights developments.

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