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Ebola virus represents one of the most dangerous epidemics worldwide, causing a severe hemorrhagic fever that can progress to organ failure and internal or external bleeding. The historical death rate is approximately 50%, varying between 25% and 90% depending on the virus strain, the speed of intervention, and the quality of healthcare. Since the first cases emerged in 1976, outbreaks—especially those in West Africa between 2014 and 2016—have demonstrated the virus's capacity to threaten entire healthcare systems and negatively impact economies and communities. The virus variants differ and are primarily transmitted through direct contact with bodily fluids of infected or deceased individuals. Symptoms initially resemble influenza but can progress to severe bleeding. Currently, treatment relies on supportive care and antibody therapies, while the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine stands out as one of the most significant achievements in combating Ebola. It is mainly used in outbreak settings to prevent and contain the spread.
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