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St. Catherine's Monastery in South Sinai is one of the oldest Christian monasteries in the world. It was established in the sixth century by the Byzantine emperor Justinian I to protect the monks in the area. The monastery houses important sites such as the Transfiguration Church and a Fatimid mosque dating back to the twelfth century. It also maintains a library containing rare manuscripts, including the Codex Sinaiticus, which is among the oldest known biblical manuscripts. The monastery is considered a site of spiritual and historical significance and is linked to the story of Prophet Moses and the Holy Thorn Tree that appears in the story of the commandments, which only grows in this place. Since 2002, the site has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
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