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Iraq is experiencing a gradual demographic shift characterized by a decline in family sizes and female fertility rates. The birth rate has decreased from about 6 children in 1997 to 3.1 children in 2024. This decline is attributed to higher education levels, urbanization, women entering the workforce, and efforts to promote family planning and reproductive health. Despite this decrease, the fertility rate remains above the replacement level of 2.1, which limits the likelihood of an immediate population decline. Projections indicate that the rate will continue to decline until 2050, approaching the replacement level, with changes in the pattern of population growth aligning with new social circumstances.
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