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The article discusses the legal and historical status of the Moroccan Eastern Sahara, with a focus on documents and archives that prove Morocco's sovereignty over these regions, including Tindouf, Colomb Bechar, Touat, and the Souss. The retrieved documents from French archives confirm that colonial France was aware of the historical borders of the Moroccan kingdom and that large areas of the Eastern Sahara were under Moroccan sovereignty before French occupation. Legal and historical sources demonstrate that the ties between the local tribes and the Moroccan sultan were strong, indicating that sovereignty was physical and legal, not merely symbolic acknowledgment. Furthermore, the documents reveal border manipulation operations and the gradual seizure of these lands, as France bypassed official agreements, especially the Treaty of Lalla Maghnia of 1845. The article emphasizes that the archives and legal evidence reinforce Morocco’s right to these territories and portray the issue as a legal and political battle to redraw the official borders, countering colonial claims. It concludes that restoring these documents strengthens Morocco’s position in defending its territorial integrity, establishing a solid geopolitical foundation for its sovereignty over the Eastern Sahara. This constitutes a strategic step in dismantling colonial narratives and reaffirming the kingdom’s historical and undeniable rights.
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