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سواليف
Arab Secularists’ Reality
Hashim Gharaibeh argues that Arab secularism differs from its European counterpart. In his view, it emerged in Egypt in the nineteenth century as a result of Western efforts to weaken the Ottoman state by confronting Islam. He cites several of its pioneers, including Yaqub Sarruf, Farah Antun, Shibli Shumayyil, and Constantine Zurayk, and claims that Arab secularist leaders were trained at the American University of Beirut. He concludes that Arab regimes and secularist movements oppose Islamists’ coming to power through democratic transitions, yet support repressive regimes—even when doing so contradicts their slogans.
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