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The study indicates that marine heatwaves—exceptional increases in ocean surface temperatures over extended periods—exacerbate environmental, health, and economic risks. This phenomenon leads to coral bleaching, the die-off of marine life, and the growth of toxic algae that harm human health and threaten food security through contamination of seafood. It also causes an increase in storms and natural disasters such as hurricanes, which have resulted in substantial financial losses, as seen with Hurricane Otis in Mexico in 2023. Additionally, marine heatwaves impact the mental health of individuals connected to the ocean, with reports of anxiety and depression related to the deterioration of marine environments. Researchers have called on governments and health organizations to include marine temperature forecasts in emergency planning and to strengthen collaboration between ocean experts and health authorities to address the growing consequences of this phenomenon.
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