Houthis Persist in Loot and Recruitment
An American study reveals that the Houthi group has expanded its regional networks in the Horn of Africa and the Red Sea, establishing relations with armed groups, smuggling networks, and recruiting elements from African countries. The Houthis aim to strengthen their foothold as a regional hub that benefits from illicit economies and smuggling routes, maintaining connections with groups like Al-Shabaab in Somalia and other factions. These relationships are built on mutual interests and the exchange of capabilities. The group has also succeeded in expanding its smuggling operations and weapon stockpiling, with confiscated Iranian military equipment, rockets, and ammonium nitrate stockpiles discovered through intercepted ships and extensive import activities between 2023 and 2025.
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