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The article explores how architectural identity in the Asir region has evolved from reliance on traditional local materials such as stone, mud, and wood to predominantly using "Al-Marwa" material. It highlights the close connection of traditional Asiri architecture to the environment, where terrain and geography influenced building designs through vertical construction to optimize limited space and provide protection, with an emphasis on defensive and storage functions. The article also clarifies that local materials like wood and stone were utilized through engineering and artistic techniques, incorporating decorative elements and craftsmanship that preserve cultural identity—such as the Asiri Tali art, which UNESCO has recognized. This architecture constitutes a sustainable model reflecting the interaction between humans and their environment, showcasing how indigenous knowledge of climate and resources is employed to build its architectural identity. It contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage and maintains a balance between beauty and functionality.
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