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Three scientists received the 2026 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their research in the field of "Genetic Optics," which enabled understanding how to control brain cells using light. They discovered that the protein "Channel Rhodopsin" acts as a gate that opens ions when exposed to blue light, allowing control over the electrical activity of neurons. This technique, called "Optogenetics," has helped scientists study brain functions with precision, understand the role of neurons in behavior and memory, and is currently used in neurological and psychiatric disease research, with potential future applications in treating blindness.
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